UE aplica sanções inéditas contra russos e chineses por ciberataques


Em decisão inédita, divulgada nesta quinta-feira (30), o Conselho Europeu anunciou sanções contra seis pessoas e três empresas russas e chinesas que estavam realizando ataques cibernéticos em países da União Europeia.As sanções são destinadas a um ataque hacker contra a Organização para a Proibição de Armas Químicas (Opaq), com sede nos Países Baixos, e a três ciberataques que afetaram milhões de pessoas, empresas e instituições nos últimos anos, intitulados WannaCry, NotPetya e Operation Cloud Hopper.Josep Borrell, alto representante da Política Exterior da União Europeia, disse que o bloco "não vai mais tolerar" esses tipos de ataque, já que "ameaças cibernéticas estão aumentando e evoluindo" e, consequentemente, afetando as sociedades europeias.ReproduçãoJosep Borrell. Imagem: Reuters/Yiannis Kourtoglou"A União Europeia e seus Estados-membros avisaram repetidamente sobre suas preocupações e denunciaram comportamentos maliciosos no ciberespaço. Tal comportamento é inaceitável, pois compromete a segurança e a estabilidade internacional. Nós fortemente promovemos um global, aberto, estável, pacífico e seguro ciberespaço onde os direitos humanos e as liberdades fundamentais e o estado de direito se aplica plenamente, apoiando a aceleração do desenvolvimento social, político e econômico", afirmou Borrell.As sanções da decisão incluem proibições de viagens e bloqueios de bens, bem como de acesso a fundos de terceiros que tenham alguma ligação com a União Europeia.WannaCry: entenda o ciberataque que afetou mais de 200 mil PCs em 150 países em 2017Um ataque virtual de proporções globais atingiu pessoas, empresas e instituições no mundo todo, incluindo hospitais públicos do Reino Unido e grandes corporações na Espanha, como Santander e Telefónica. Ainda que o ataque e suas consequências tenham sido imensas, existe a possibilidade de que ele pudesse ter sido evitado.Segundo a Kaspersky, empresa de cibersegurança, o WannaCry é um ransomware - arquivo nocivo que criptografa todos os dados contidos no computador invadido e só os decifra após receber um pagamento em bitcoin. No caso dos PCs afetados por esse ataque, o valor inicial era de US$ 300, mas a ferramenta ameaçava aumentar o valor caso o pagamento não fosse feito em até duas horas.Ainda de acordo com a Kaspersky, o WannaCry é uma família de malwares feita para atacar usuários de diversos países diferentes. Prova disso é o fato de que seu "manual" (o texto que indica à vítima o que fazer para recuperar seus dados) pode ser facilmente traduzido para diversas línguas.Embora os ataques mais notórios tenham acontecido na Europa Ocidental, o país com maior número de PCs vitimados foi, de longe, a Rússia. O Brasil, no entanto, também teve diversos casos; de acordo com um relatório da Avast, o país foi o quinto mais afetado.Via: Época Negócios

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